Archives

MRP Transporters

The MRP (Multidrug Resistance Protein) family — ABCC1 through ABCC8 — covers eight transporters with distinct tissue distributions, substrate specificities, and regulatory relevance. Knowing which MRP matters for your drug […]

Single-Use Bioprocessing Bag Selection Guide

Four bag formats — 2D flat, 3D cuboid, wave/rocker, and tank liner — each solves a different problem. Picking the wrong format wastes money, compromises product quality, and can fail […]

rHSA vs HSA vs BSA

BSA, HSA, and rHSA are all albumins — but they are not interchangeable. The choice determines whether your serum-free medium works, whether your DMPK assay is FDA-compliant, and whether your […]

Animal Sera Guide

Animal sera from species other than cattle serve highly specific roles in research — from blocking non-specific binding in immunofluorescence to providing complement activity for hemolytic assays. Choosing the wrong […]

HEK293T Serum-Free Adaptation Protocol

HEK293T cells adapt to serum-free medium more readily than most mammalian cell lines — but the adaptation process has one critical failure point that most protocols ignore: the suspension cells […]

MSC Expansion — hPL vs FBS

The evidence base comparing human platelet lysate (hPL) and FBS for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) expansion has grown substantially over the past decade. The conclusion is remarkably consistent across studies, […]

CAR-T Cell Expansion — hPL vs FBS

The shift from FBS to human platelet lysate (hPL) in CAR-T cell manufacturing is no longer a regulatory preference — it is becoming the de facto standard for clinical-grade production. […]

AAV Empty vs Full Capsid Ratio

A 2025 multi-omics study found that 46% of HEK293T cells in a standard triple transfection AAV production run lacked transcripts from at least one of the three plasmids — meaning […]

2D Bioprocessing Bags for AAV Drug Substance

AAV drug substance freeze-thaw is one of the most critical unit operations in gene therapy manufacturing — and one of the most underappreciated sources of product loss. The choice of […]

FBS vs. Serum-Free for AAV Production

The question is not whether serum-free medium is better than FBS for AAV production — in terms of titre, a well-optimised serum-free medium matches FBS. The question is when the […]